Human spaceflight programs

Dažādu cilvēku atrašanās kosmosā. Pieminētas tik valstis, kuras sūtījušas kosmosā cilvēkus. Teksts angļu valodā.

1              Successful programs

1.1          Vostok program (USSR, 1956–1964)

1.2          Project Mercury (USA, 1959–1963)

1.3          North American X-15 (USA, 1954–1968)

1.4          Voskhod program (USSR, 1964–1965)

1.5          Project Gemini (USA, 1965–1966)

1.6          Soyuz program (USSR/Russia, 1967–ongoing)

1.7          Apollo Program (USA, 1961–1975)

1.8          Space Shuttle (USA, 1972–2011)

1.9          China Manned Space Program (China, 1992–ongoing)

1.10        SpaceShipOne / SpaceShipTwo (USA, 2004–ongoing)

1.11        Dragon 2 (USA, 2010–ongoing)

1.12        New Shepard (USA, 2006–ongoing)

2              Successful space station programs

2.1          Salyut stations (USSR, 1971–1986)

2.2          Skylab (USA, 1973–1974)

2.3          Mir (USSR/Russia, 1986–2001)

2.4          International Space Station (USA, Russia, Japan, Europe, Canada, 1998–ongoing)

2.5          Tiangong program (China, 2012–ongoing)

3              Space programs currently in development

3.1          Dream Chaser (USA, 2004–ongoing)

3.2          Indian Human Spaceflight Programme (India, 2007–ongoing)

3.3          SPICA (Denmark, 2008–ongoing)

3.4          Orel (Russia, 2009–ongoing)

3.5          Commercial Crew Program (USA, 2011–ongoing)

3.5.1      Starliner (USA, 2010–ongoing)

3.6          New Glenn (USA, 2012–ongoing)

3.7          Starship (USA, 2012-ongoing)

3.8          Iranian crewed spaceship project (Iran, 2015–ongoing)

3.9          Artemis program (USA, 2017–ongoing)

3.10        Commercial space stations (planned)

Bigelow Commercial Space Station (USA): A Bigelow inflatable module was attached to the ISS on April 8, 2016, where it will remain for a testing period of two years. Any independent Bigelow Commercial space station will have to await the development of commercially available human rated orbital spacecraft. The first of these are expected to be the SpaceX Dragon 2 and the Boeing CST-100 Starliner in 2020.

Orbital Technologies Commercial Space Station (Russia)

4              Programs canceled before crewed launch

4.1          Man In Space Soonest (USA, 1957–1958)

4.2          Dyna-Soar (USA, 1957–1963)

4.3          Manned Orbital Development System (USA, 1962–1963)

4.4          Soviet Orbital Station 1 (Soviet Union 1962–1965)

4.5          Manned Orbiting Laboratory (USA, 1963–1969)

4.6          Spiral program (Soviet Union, 1965 – late 1970s)

4.7          TKS (Soviet Union, 1970–1991)

4.8          Buran program (Soviet Union, 1976–1993)

4.9          Shuguang (China, 1968–1972)

4.10        Piloted FSW program (China, 1978–1980)

4.11        Saenger (Germany, 1985)

4.12        HOTOL (UK, 1986–1988)

4.13        Zarya (Russia, 1986–1989)

4.14        Rockwell X-30 (USA, 1986–1993)

4.15        Hermes (ESA, 1987–1993)

4.16        MAKS (Russia, 1988–1991)

4.17        HOPE-X (Japan, 1980s–2003)

4.18        RAKS (Russia, 1993–?)

4.19        Kankoh-maru (Japan, 1995)

4.20        Ansari X Prize (World, 1996–2004)

4.21        Venturestar (USA, 1996–2001)

4.22        Fuji (Japan, 2001)

4.23        Hopper (ESA, 2000)

4.24        Kliper (Russia, 2004–2007)

4.25        Project Constellation (USA, 2004–2010)

4.26        XCOR Lynx (USA, 2008–2016)

4.27        OPSEK (Russia, 2009–2017)

4.28   Bigelow Aerospace Expandable habitat modules (USA, 2016-2020)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_spaceflight_programs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigelow_Expandable_Activity_Module